Indian Railways is rapidly modernizing with multiple new technologies, improving efficiency, passenger comfort, and safety as of 2025, although some older technologies and legacy systems are still being phased out.Major Technology UpgradesIndian Railways has launched powerful 9,000 HP electric locomotives enhancing freight capacity and energy efficiency, replacing older engines to reduce emissions and costs�.

The IRCTC SwaRail app integrates ticketing, schedules, and real-time updates digitally, streamlining passenger travel management�.

Stations are being modernized under the Amrit Bharat Scheme, improving infrastructure, Wi-Fi at over 9,000 stations, sanitation, and facilities�.

Expansion of the Vande Bharat Express network with advanced versions like Vande Bharat 4.0 featuring superior seating, hygiene, and passenger amenities is ongoing��.

Cutting-Edge Innovations

Introduction of Kavach 4.0, an indigenous automatic train protection system deployed widely, with Kavach 5.0 under development to support speeds of up to 350 kmph, enhancing safety considerably�.

Transitioning to Amrit Bharat 4.0 trains with push-pull locomotive technology and revamped coaches is underway to improve efficiency and passenger experience�.

Integration of advanced communication technologies such as 5G-R to enable predictive maintenance, ultra-reliable communication, and high-speed onboard internet is being explored�.

Drone technology has been introduced at some stations for rooftop cleaning, surveillance, and infrastructure monitoring to improve safety and operational efficiency�.

Infrastructure and Capacity Expansion

35,000 km of new railway track and 46,000 km electrified in the past decade, along with manufacturing of around 40,000 new coaches�.Construction of 7,000 km of dedicated high-speed passenger corridors planned by 2047 for faster, dependable service��.

Large-scale investments (approximately Rs 16.7 lakh crore by 2031) focused on freight corridors, station redevelopment (1,309 stations), and high-speed rail projects like Mumbai-Ahmedabad bullet train�.

Legacy Technology Transformation Overhaul of century-old train control systems will replace manual and siloed operational management with integrated command centers and advanced decision-support systems to improve traffic management and safety�.Indian Railways aims to phase out older inefficient locomotive and coach models, replacing them with greener, smarter, and digitally connected rolling stock���.

Summary

Indian Railways is embracing new technologies such as high-capacity electric locomotives, AI-driven safety systems, advanced communication networks, and digital passenger services to transform itself into a modern, efficient, and passenger-friendly transport system. However, some legacy technologies, especially in control systems and older coach stock, are still in the process of being replaced or upgraded as part of this massive modernization drive����.