India has been actively working on adopting solar energy to meet its growing power needs and reduce its carbon footprint. The country has set ambitious targets for renewable energy, including 100 GW of solar power by 2022, although the current installed capacity is around 60% of that target.

Types of Solar Energy Technologies

• Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs): Invented by Japanese scientist Tsutomu Miyasaka, PSCs are a promising technology for harnessing solar energy. They’re lightweight, flexible, and adaptable, making them ideal for urban areas.
• Space-Based Solar Power (SBSP): Japan is also working on SBSP, which involves satellites equipped with giant solar panels generating electricity that’s transmitted wirelessly to the ground.

Benefits of Solar Energy in India

• Renewable Energy Source: Solar energy is a clean and sustainable way to generate power.
• Abundant Sunlight: India receives around 3000 hours of sunshine every year, making it an ideal location for solar power generation.
• Potential Capacity: India’s solar potential is estimated to be around 750 GW, with Gujarat and Rajasthan having the highest solar energy potential.

Challenges and Opportunities

• Durability and Cost: PSCs face challenges related to durability and high upfront costs, but researchers are working to improve the technology.
• Energy Security: Adopting solar energy can help India improve its energy security and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
• Government Initiatives: The Indian government has set targets and initiatives to promote solar energy adoption, and similar initiatives are seen in Japan with their government investing over 400 million euros to boost PSC technology ¹ ².