Disabled pension schemes are crucial social security measures designed to support individuals with disabilities. Here’s a comparative analysis of such schemes in India, Indian states, and the world:
1. Disabled Pension Schemes in India
The Indian government implements various schemes for persons with disabilities (PwDs) under the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP).
Central Schemes:
- Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS):
- Provides financial assistance to individuals aged 18–79 with at least 80% disability.
- Monthly pension: ₹300 (up to ₹500 for individuals above 80).
- States often supplement this amount.
- Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS):
- Funds NGOs providing services such as special education, skill training, and rehabilitation.
Eligibility:
- Minimum 40% disability.
- Belong to a Below Poverty Line (BPL) household.
2. Disabled Pension Schemes by Indian States
States often have additional or enhanced benefits. Examples include:
Kerala:
- Provides ₹1,600 per month to individuals with disabilities, irrespective of age.
- Includes additional benefits like free assistive devices and travel concessions.
Tamil Nadu:
- Monthly pension of ₹1,000 for PwDs.
- Comprehensive support for education and vocational training.
Delhi:
- Offers ₹2,500 per month to PwDs.
- Higher focus on urban accessibility and infrastructure.
Uttar Pradesh:
- Monthly pension: ₹1,000 for individuals with 40% or more disability.
West Bengal:
- Offers ₹1,000 per month under the Manabik Scheme for individuals with 40% or more disability.
Maharashtra:
- Provides a pension of ₹1,200 for PwDs with more than 75% disability.
3. Disabled Pension Schemes Around the World
Different countries implement varied approaches based on their welfare policies.
Developed Countries:
- United States (Social Security Disability Insurance – SSDI):
- Provides monthly payments based on work history and contributions.
- Supplemental Security Income (SSI) offers financial aid for low-income individuals.
- United Kingdom (Personal Independence Payment – PIP):
- Non-means-tested benefits for PwDs.
- Focus on daily living and mobility needs.
- Australia (Disability Support Pension – DSP):
- Offers comprehensive financial support.
- Includes funding for healthcare, education, and housing.
Developing Countries:
- South Africa:
- Offers a disability grant of up to ZAR 1,980 (approx. ₹9,000) per month.
- Brazil (Continuous Cash Benefit – BPC):
- Provides financial aid equivalent to the minimum wage for PwDs in low-income families.
- China:
- Regional variation exists; pensions are part of broader social security schemes.
Key Differences
Challenges in India:
- Low pension amounts compared to global standards.
- Stringent eligibility criteria.
- Limited awareness and accessibility in rural areas.
Conclusion:
While India has a foundational framework for disability pensions, the amounts and coverage are limited compared to developed nations. State schemes offer some enhancements, but global best practices (e.g., universal and needs-based benefits) can guide improvements in India’s approach.
Leave a comment