India gained independence from British colonial rule on August 15, 1947. The struggle for independence was a long and complex process that involved various movements, leaders, and events. Here’s a brief overview:

Early Nationalist Movement (1885-1915)

1. Indian National Congress (INC): Founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume, the INC became a major platform for nationalist sentiments.
2. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal: These leaders played significant roles in the early nationalist movement.

Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922)

1. Mahatma Gandhi: Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and became a key leader in the independence movement.
2. Non-Cooperation Movement: Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement, which encouraged Indians to boycott British goods, law courts, and government institutions.

Salt March and Civil Disobedience (1930-1934)

1. Salt March: Gandhi led the famous Salt March from Ahmedabad to Dandi, protesting the British salt tax.
2. Civil Disobedience Movement: The movement spread across India, with widespread protests and demonstrations.

Quit India Movement (1942-1944)

1. Quit India Resolution: The INC passed the Quit India Resolution, demanding immediate independence.
2. Widespread protests and arrests: The movement was violently suppressed by the British, with many leaders arrested.

Post-War Developments (1945-1947)

1. Cabinet Mission (1946): The British government sent a Cabinet Mission to India to negotiate the country’s future.
2. Indian Independence Act (1947): The Act was passed, paving the way for India’s independence.
3. Partition of India: The country was divided into India and Pakistan, leading to widespread violence and displacement.

Independence Day (August 15, 1947)

1. Jawaharlal Nehru’s speech: Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, delivered the famous “Tryst with Destiny” speech.
2. Flag hoisting: The Indian national flag was hoisted at the Red Fort in Delhi.

The Indian independence movement was a complex and multifaceted process that involved various leaders, movements, and events. August 15, 1947, marked the culmination of this struggle, and India finally gained its independence from British colonial rule.