E-governance in India refers to the application of information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of government services and interactions. The Indian government has implemented various e-governance initiatives to provide citizens with easy access to government services, improve interactions between government agencies, and promote transparency and accountability.¹

*Types of E-Governance in India:*

– *Government-to-Citizen (G2C)*: This type of e-governance enables citizens to access government services, such as paying utility bills, applying for passports, and accessing public records, online or through mobile apps.²
– *Government-to-Business (G2B)*: G2B e-governance facilitates interactions between government agencies and businesses, enabling companies to access relevant forms, permits, and licenses online, and reducing the time and cost of compliance.
– *Government-to-Government (G2G)*: This type of e-governance enables different government departments, agencies, and ministries to interact and share information seamlessly, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of government services.
– *Government-to-Employees (G2E)*: G2E e-governance focuses on improving interactions between government agencies and their employees, enabling online access to HR services, payroll, and other employee-related information.³

The Indian government has launched several initiatives to promote e-governance, including the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP), which aims to provide all government services electronically to citizens through integrated platforms.